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Though the country’s population remains largely rural, India has three of the most populous and cosmopolitan cities in the world—Mumbai (Bombay), Kolkata (Calcutta), and Delhi. The subcontinent was then partitioned along religious lines into two separate countries—India, with a majority of Hindus, and Pakistan, with a majority of Muslims; the eastern portion of Pakistan later split off to form Bangladesh. India’s territory is made up of 28 states and 8 union territories, and its national capital is New Delhi.
The Himalayas block cold Central Asian winds from blowing into the Indian subcontinent. There are many mountains in the northern part of India. The Andaman and Nicobar Islands, a union territory of India, is near Thailand, Indonesia and Myanmar.
West Bengal
India has reduced its poverty rate, though at the cost of increasing economic inequality. A comparatively destitute country in 1951, India has become a fast-growing major economy and a hub for information technology services, with an expanding middle class. India’s population grew from 361 million in 1951 to over 1.4 billion in 2023. A nationalist movement emerged in India, the first in the non-European British Empire and an influence on other nationalist movements. In south India, the Vijayanagara Empire created a long-lasting composite Hindu culture.
- This list includes major regional languages, but also others—such as Sanskrit, which no longer has first language speakers in India, and Urdu, which is not region-specific—because of their value to India’s cultural heritage.
- Most members are elected indirectly by the legislatures of state and union territories.
- India’s foreign exchange remittances of US$100 billion in 2022, highest in the world, were contributed to its economy by 32 million Indians working in foreign countries.
- India Portal is developed under the Digital India Programme to provide citizens with open and easy access to information.
The Himalayan region of Kashmir has been a flashpoint between India and Pakistan for over six decades. During the election, critics accused Mr Modi and his party of using hate speech, attacking the country’s Muslim minority, and jailing opposition figures. The election saw a resurgence of India’s opposition, which won 234 seats. A teacher and former governor of Jharkhand State, she is the first person from a tribal community to serve as India’s head of state. But it is also tackling huge, social, economic and environmental problems.
1600s – The British arrive and establish trading posts under The British East India Company – by the 1850s they control most of the subcontinent. 2500 BC – India is home to several ancient civilisations and empires. Indian nationalist leader Mahatma Gandhi with Viceroy of India Lord Mountbatten and his wife in 1947
1990s – Government initiates a programme of economic liberalisation and reform, opening up the economy to global trade and investment. India and Pakistan go to war over East Pakistan, leading to the creation of Bangladesh. India is split into two nations at independence – Hindu-majority India and Muslim-majority Pakistan. FM radio stations are plentiful but only public All India Radio can produce news. India has a burgeoning media industry, with broadcast, print and digital media experiencing tremendous growth. Since India’s partition and the creation of Pakistan in 1947, the nuclear-armed neighbours have fought two wars over the Muslim-majority territory, which both claim in full but control in part.
SC seeks progress report on AAIB probe
The most significant import of cooking techniques into India during the last millennium occurred during the Mughal Empire, spreading into northern India from regions to its northwest, along with dishes such as pilaf. Increasingly, in urban northern India, the sari is no longer the apparel of everyday wear, though they remain popular on formal occasions. Towards the end of the 20th century, innovations in British South Asian music and dance, such as Post-Bhangra, fed back into dance in India. Examples are dance-dramas based on the ancient Indian animal fables, Panchatantra, and Nehru’s mid-century meditation on Indian history, The Discovery of India. Whether or not a dance is classical is determined by the Sangeet Natak Academi, the Indian government’s organisation for performing arts.ab Although more dances could perhaps meet the criteria for classical, the Akademi has chosen eight.ac Indian classical music has Vedic origins, and split in the 13th century into the two main traditions of Hindustani and Carnatic music.
Together, the EU and India represent around a quarter of the world’s population, with two billion people, and about 25% of the world’s gross domestic product (GDP). The British administered India for a period of about two centuries and brought about revolutionary changes in the social, political and the economic life of the country. Mr Modi is only the second Indian leader to win a third consecutive term after the country’s first prime minister, Jawaharlal Nehru.
It resulted into the formation of the Delhi Sultanate, which was finally succeeded by the Mughal Empire, under which India once again achieved a large measure of political unity. Indian history begins with the birth of the Indus Valley Civilization and the coming of the Aryans. This victory marked the third consecutive term for Shri Modi, further solidifying his leadership.The 2024 elections saw a remarkable voter turnout, with a significant portion of the electorate showing continued confidence in Shri Modi’s leadership and vision for the country. Shri Narendra Modi was sworn-in as India’s Prime Minister for the third time on 9th June 2024, following another decisive victory in the 2024 Parliamentary elections.
It is now generally accepted that India’s geographic position, continental outline, and basic geologic structure resulted from a process of plate tectonics—the shifting of enormous, rigid crustal plates over the Earth’s underlying layer bet365 of molten material. Three other Indian cities—Bengaluru (Bangalore), Chennai (Madras), and Hyderabad—are among the world’s fastest-growing high-technology centers, and most of the world’s major information technology and software companies now have offices in India. At independence, India was blessed with several leaders of world stature, most notably Mohandas Karamchand (Mahatma) Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru, who were able to galvanize the masses at home and bring prestige to India abroad. Yet social legislation has done much to alleviate the disabilities previously suffered by formerly “untouchable” castes, tribal populations, women, and other traditionally disadvantaged segments of society. Earnest attempts have been made to instill a spirit of nationhood in so varied a population, but tensions between neighboring groups have remained and at times have resulted in outbreaks of violence. Religious minorities, including Muslims, Christians, Sikhs, Buddhists, and Jains, still account for a significant proportion of the population.
India is one of the more successful cricket teams, having won two Cricket World Cups, two T20 World Cups, and three Champions Trophies. Parcheesi is derived from Pachisi another traditional Indian pastime, which in early modern times was played on a giant marble court by Mughal emperor Akbar. Chess is commonly held to have originated in India as chaturaṅga; There has been a rise in the number of Indian grandmasters. The diversity of Indian food served worldwide has been partially concealed by the dominance of Punjabi cuisine.
Singh became the first prime minister to be re-elected after Jawaharlal Nehru in 1962. Congress emerged as the largest single party and formed a coalition, the United Progressive Alliance (UPA). United Front coalition governments followed, which relied on external political support, H. In 1996, the BJP briefly formed a government after winning the general election. V. Narasimha Rao, formed a minority government which served a full five-year term.
According to an Indian government study, an additional 21 million girls are unwanted and do not receive adequate care. With an estimated 1,428,627,663 residents in 2023, India is the world’s most populous country. The country’s usage of coal is a major cause of India’s greenhouse gas emissions, but its renewable energy is growing. In 2022, India became the world’s third-largest vehicle market after China and the United States, surpassing Japan.
In the early 1900s, millions of people peacefully started to protest against British rule. British Colonial exploitation resulted in the deaths of millions of Indians due to starvation and famine. In the 1600s, India came under European colonization, and by 1856 the British controlled most of India. As Mughal rule weakened other empires like the Maratha empire and Sikh empire replaced it.
What are the oldest known civilizations of India?
The first post-colonial census, conducted in 1951, counted 361 million people. Increasing access to electricity and clean cooking with liquefied petroleum gas have been priorities for energy in India. India’s capacity to generate electrical power is 300 gigawatts, of which 42 gigawatts is renewable. The Indian biotech industry grew by 15.1% in 2012–2013, increasing its revenues from ₹204.4 billion (Indian rupees) to ₹235.24 billion (US$3.94 billion at June 2013 exchange rates). At the end of 2011, the Indian IT industry employed 2.8 million professionals, generated revenues close to US$100 billion equalling 7.5% of Indian GDP, and contributed 26% of India’s merchandise exports.
The EU and India already trade over €180 billion worth of goods and services per year, supporting close to 800,000 jobs in the EU. It will strengthen trade, investment and political ties between the world’s two largest democracies. By the last quarter of the 18th Century the English had outdone all others and established themselves as the dominant power in India. During the late 16th and the 17th Centuries, the European trading companies in India competed with each other ferociously.
Qutub Minar is a towering minaret that was built in the 12th century and is the tallest brick minaret in the world! Welcome to the new Incredible India Digital Portal! Hindu nationalist BJP party scores biggest election victory by any party in 30 years.
India Portal is developed under the Digital India Programme to provide citizens with open and easy access to information. Alongside the free trade agreement, the EU and India are also negotiating agreements on geographical indications and investment protection. The EU and India started negotiating a free trade agreement in 2007. Once India also ratifies the agreement, it can enter into force. Signing of the agreement between the EU and India
Chronicling the life of the Buddha was central to the beginnings of recorded history in India. By living ethically, lay people could rise socially and morally in these religions. The settlement may have involved driving the preexisting people out or enslaving them.
China’s nuclear test of 1964 and threats to intervene in support of Pakistan in the 1965 war caused India to produce nuclear weapons. By 1967, however, India was able to fend off Chinese excursions into Sikkim. After cordial relations with China during the greater part of the 1950s, India and China went to war in 1962; India was widely thought to have been decisively defeated. India remained a member of the Commonwealth of Nations after becoming a republic in 1950. There are over a quarter of a million local government bodies at city, town, district, block and village levels. India has a three-tier unitary independent judiciary comprising the supreme court, headed by the Chief Justice of India, 25 high courts, and a large number of trial courts.
